Trening myślenia krytycznego w środowisku nowych mediów – trzy podejścia
2024, 69, Numer 2
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This article aims to review three different approaches to training critical thinking skills in the context of new media. These approaches are illustrated with specific examples, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. The three approaches are: tips and strategies, inoculation, and the metacognitive approach. Tips and strategies involve using schemes or ready-made sets of questions that are helpful in verifying information. Inoculation entails exposing media users to small doses of disinformation to develop their resistance to manipulation. The metacognitive approach focuses on making internet users aware of cognitive biases, such as confirmation bias and memory errors, commonly encountered when processing information. The article discusses examples of studies that have applied these approaches to training information processing skills, drawn from the Google Scholar database for the years 2016–2024. It emphasises the need for further research to determine the most effective approach in combating disinformation and protecting internet users against false information and manipulation. This article contributes to pedagogical knowledge by presenting strategies to combat misinformation and stressing the need to adapt them to students’ specific needs. By analysing various methods and approaches, it serves as a valuable resource for educators and policymakers aiming to introduce innovative and effective teaching methods in the disinformation age.
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